If you are importing anything via ocean freight into the USA, ISF filing (Importer Security Filing) isn’t just a formality, it's mandatory.
Doing so will help you avoid costly delays, ISF penalties, and even cargo held by the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP).
Whether you are a seasoned or NEWBIE trying to import goods into the USA. you would have come across all the below questions
- What does ISF stand for in shipping?
- When is ISF filing required?
- Who is responsible for ISF filing?
- How to Check ISF Filing Status?
- What’s the difference between ISF 5 filing and 10+2?
We’ll walk you through all of that (and more), using real-world examples to help make sense of it all.
What Does ISF (10+2) Stand For in Shipping?
ISF stands for Importer Security Filing, and it’s a requirement by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) for ocean cargo entering the United States.
It was introduced in the year 2009 under the “10+2 rule,” ISF helps CBP identify potential high-risk shipments before they arrive.
Think of it as a digital heads-up to customs: “Hey, here’s what’s on the way, here’s who’s sending it, and who’s receiving it”
What are the elements required to file ISF 10+2?
There are a total of 12 information that needs to be filled while filling an ISF 10+2. 10 information are filled by the importer and 2 by the carrier
Importer Files 10 Data Elements:
- Seller
- Buyer
- Importer of Record Number
- Consignee Number
- Manufacturer (or Supplier)
- Ship To Party
- Country of Origin
- HTSUS Number (6-digit minimum)
- Container Stuffing Location
- Consolidator (Stuffer)
Carrier Files 2 Data Elements:
- Vessel Stow Plan
- Container Status Messages (CSM)
What are the Required to File ISF 10+2?
These documents help extract the required data for accurate ISF filing:
- Commercial Invoice
- For seller, buyer, country of origin, and HTS code
- Packing List
- Helps validate the number of packages, dimensions, and weight
- Sometimes shows consolidator info
- Bill of Lading (House and/or Master B/L)
- Critical for matching with carrier’s AMS Filing
- Must be the lowest-level bill of lading issued
- Booking Confirmation or Shipping Instruction
- Confirms sailing date, container info, and vessel details
- Manufacturer/Supplier Information
- Name and address for the factory producing or supplying the goods
- Delivery Address Info
- For the “Ship To” party in the U.S.
- Container Stuffing Details
- Name/address of the facility and the entity responsible for loading the container (especially for LCL or consolidated cargo)
The above documents support accurate ISF declaration and minimizes risk.
When is ISF Filing Required?
It is now clear that ISF is for all ocean bound imports to the USA.
Can ISF be filled after the cargo is imported into the USA?
That's a complete NO NO, ISF must be filed no later than 24 hours before the cargo is loaded onto the vessel at the port of origin.
Late filing isn’t just risky—it’s a direct path to CBP penalties, cargo delays, and even port detentions.
🚢 Example: If your cargo is being loaded on a vessel in Shanghai on Tuesday at 6 PM, your ISF must be filed with CBP by Monday at 6 PM (local time at port of loading).
If you’re shipping via air, rail, or truck, ISF doesn’t apply—this rule is exclusive to ocean freight.
Note: Late ISF filings can result in penalties up to $5,000 per shipment, cargo holds, and CBP inspections—all of which can delay your delivery and cost more in the long run.
Who is Responsible for ISF Filing?
The responsibility falls on the Importer of Record—usually the U.S. consignee, buyer, or their licensed ISF customs broker/freight forwarder.
Many freight forwarders will also have in-house brokers that can clear freight for you and file ISF, provided they have a Power of Attorney (POA) on file for your company.
If you’re the one receiving the goods in the U.S., you’re likely responsible, even if the shipment is being handled by a forwarder overseas.
✅ Tip: It’s common to authorize a customs broker or logistics provider to handle ISF filing on your behalf, but the legal liability still lies with the importer.
If something goes wrong—like missing data or a late filing—the CBP won’t be chasing your broker, they'll be coming for you.
But here’s the good news: with Air7Seas in your corner, you’ve got nothing to worry about. We’ve got your back when it comes to filing your ISF on time and with all the right info, so CBP won’t be knocking on your door.
What is the difference between ISF 10+2 vs ISF 5?
Here's where things get a little more technical:
Why ISF Filing is So Important
Let’s say you’re a furniture importer, and your container gets flagged because your ISF was filed with the wrong HTS code or was submitted late.
Now your cargo is stuck at port for a week, you’re paying demurrage fees, CBP audits, and ISF clearance delays leading to your retail partner calling non-stop about delays.
All of this could have been avoided with a timely, accurate ISF filing.
📊 According to CBP data, a significant number of ISF penalties are issued not because of fraud, but due to simple errors, miscommunication, or last-minute filings.
That’s why at AIR 7 SEAS, we treat ISF like a priority, not an afterthought.
Why AIR 7 SEAS for ISF Filling service?
- We are a fully licensed, bonded, and insured freight forwarder since 1986
- We ensure your ISF filing is handled with precision and full compliance.
- We file ISF directly through CBP-approved systems which helps the importers to stay compliant and avoid penalties.
- We also own a proven track record of filling 10,000+ ISF’s with zero penalty.
- We offer ISF filing at a cost-effective rate, with no hidden fees or unexpected charges.
- We make sure ISF data is double-checked
- We offer full support for ISF bond setup and renewals
- We provide 24/7 support from licensed ISF brokers
- We have smooth coordination with carriers to resolve AMS & ISF mismatches
Our promise: With us, you stay compliant, avoid penalties, and keep your cargo
Final Thoughts on ISF Filing
ISF filing isn’t just another form—it’s a core part of import compliance. If you're shipping ocean freight into the U.S., understanding when ISF filing is required, who is responsible, and how to manage ISF 10+2 and ISF 5 filings can save you time, money, and stress.
Whether you’re importing for the first time or handling hundreds of containers a year, one thing’s for sure - getting your ISF right is non-negotiable.
Need help with your next shipment? Our team’s available 24/7 to walk you through every step—no guesswork, no surprises.
FAQ
- How can I avoid ISF penalties as a first-time importer?
To avoid penalties:
- Work with a licensed customs broker or freight forwarder experienced in ISF
- Provide accurate shipment info early in the process
- Double-check supplier documents for consistency
- Use a tracking portal to monitor ISF status in real time
- Can my supplier file the ISF for me?
No. Only the Importer of Record or their authorized agent (like a customs broker or forwarder) can file ISF. Suppliers overseas are not legally allowed to file it on your behalf.
- What if my shipment details change after filing ISF?
If shipment details change before arrival, you can amend the ISF. Some elements like container stuffing location or HTS codes can be updated. It's best to notify your broker immediately to ensure CBP compliance.
- How does ISF filing relate to bonded cargo?
Even if your cargo is entering the U.S. under bond (e.g., IT – Immediate Transportation), ISF is still required. The rule applies to all ocean-bound cargo, regardless of final customs clearance status.
- Does ISF filing apply to Amazon FBA shipments?
Yes! If you’re importing inventory to an Amazon Fulfillment Center via ocean freight, you must file ISF just like any other U.S. importer—even if Amazon handles final delivery.