So, you already know what ISF (Importer Security Filing) is—and why it's a must for ocean freight shipments. But here’s a question we hear all the time:
“Do I really need to file an ISF if it’s just a small shipment?”
Maybe it’s a few cartons coming in LCL, or a one-off personal shipment. No container, no big order, no problem... right?
Wrong.
Keep reading to find out why, when, and how to handle ISF for small packages—before your “harmless little shipment” turns into a costly customs headache.
Quick Refresher: What Is ISF?
If you need a deep dive, check out our What is ISF? blog. But here’s the short version:
ISF (Importer Security Filing) is a U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) requirement for ocean imports. It requires the importer (or their agent) to electronically submit key shipment data to CBP at least 24 hours before the cargo is loaded on the vessel at the foreign port.
This filing, often referred to as ISF 10+2, includes 10 importer-related data elements and 2 from the carrier. It helps CBP assess potential risks and ensure proper documentation before goods enter the country.
So, Do Small Shipments Need ISF Filing?
Yes—if they’re coming by ocean freight.
It doesn’t matter:
How big your shipment is
- What it’s worth
- Whether it’s commercial or personal
- Whether it’s FCL, LCL, or consolidated
What matters is how it’s shipped.
If your small package is part of an ocean container shipment, ISF (Importer Security Filing) is required—no exceptions.
The Risks of Skipping ISF for Small Shipments
Many importers assume that a small shipment can fly under the radar. Unfortunately, this approach can lead to serious issues.
- Fines and Penalties
- If you fail to file your ISF or submit incorrect information, CBP can impose a significant fine of upto $10,000. The penalties can escalate with repeated violations.
- Shipment Delays and Holds
- If the ISF is not filed on time, your shipment could be delayed, held at the port, or even rejected.
- Storage and Demurrage Fees
- When shipments are delayed due to improper ISF filing, you could be charged extra storage and demurrage fees while your cargo waits to clear Customs.
- Negative CBP importer record
- Shipment may be refused entry or returned
In some cases, the cost of penalties and fees may exceed the value of the small shipment itself.
Common Myths About ISF Filing
It's common for importers to think certain shipments might be exempt from ISF filing, especially small or personal shipments. Here are a few myths you might have heard:
- Myth 1:
- "Informal ISF" is Okay for Small Shipments Some people believe that small or informal shipments don't need a full ISF filing. This is false.
- CBP requires accurate ISF filings for all ocean-bound cargo, regardless of the size or value of the goods.
- Myth 2:
- "If the Shipment is Personal, It Doesn't Need ISF" Personal shipments, like gifts or personal effects, still need an ISF if shipped by ocean vessel.
- The rules apply to all goods entering the U.S. through ocean ports, regardless of origin or purpose.
- Myth 3:
- "Only Large Shipments Need ISF" Again, this is incorrect. The ISF filing applies to all shipments that meet the CBP definition of "cargo," which includes even small or low-value goods arriving via ocean freight
Real-Life scenarios to understand It better
Here are some common examples we deal with:
- Example 1: Small LCL Shipment
- You’re importing 3 cartons of home goods from China via an LCL service.
- ISF is required.
- Example 2: One Pallet Consolidated With Others
- A supplier in India sends you one pallet of auto parts via a freight consolidator.
- ISF is required.
- Example 3: Samples via DHL
- A factory in Italy sends you a box of product samples via DHL Express.
- ISF is NOT required.
- Example 4: Small Order Sent by Air
- You import 10 units of electronics via air cargo.
- ISF is NOT required.
- Example 5: Personal Effects via Ocean
- You’re shipping a few boxes of household items by sea to the U.S.
- ISF is required, even if it’s not a commercial shipment.
Are There Any Exceptions to ISF Filing?
Yes, there are a few shipments which do not require ISF filing , but they are based on how the goods are shipped—not on the size or value of the shipment.
Here are the main exceptions:
- Air Freight
- If your goods are shipped via air, you do not need to file an ISF. ISF applies only to ocean vessel shipments entering the U.S.
- Courier Shipments (DHL, FedEx, UPS, etc.)
- Small packages sent via express couriers like DHL, FedEx, or UPS typically fall under Section 321 (de minimis) exemption and do not require ISF filing—even if they arrive by ocean.
- However, double-check the mode of transport. Some couriers consolidate shipments via ocean, in which case ISF may still apply.
- Mail/Postal Shipments
- Packages sent via national postal services (like India Post, Royal Mail, etc.) and handled by USPS in the U.S. do not require ISF—even if they arrive by sea.
- Hand-Carried Goods
- If you personally carry goods with you (in luggage, for example), ISF is not required.
- Foreign-to-Foreign Shipments
- If the cargo is transiting through the U.S. but not entering for consumption (e.g., it's being shipped from China to Mexico via a U.S. port), it may be exempt under FROB (Foreign Cargo Remaining On Board) or IT (Immediate Transit) conditions. But special filing like ISF-5 might still be required.
⚠️ Important Note: Even if you think your shipment qualifies for an exception, it’s best to consult a licensed customs broker or freight forwarder. A wrong assumption could lead to missed filings, costly penalties, or delayed shipments.
The Bottom Line
When it comes to ISF filing, size doesn’t matter. Whether you're shipping a few small boxes or a large container, the rules are clear — ISF is required for all ocean-bound cargo entering the U.S. Ignoring or misfiling your ISF can lead to hefty fines, delays, and unnecessary complications.
Stay ahead of the game by ensuring your ISF is accurate and filed on time. It’s a small step that can save you from big headaches down the road.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Do I need to file ISF for a small shipment coming by sea?
Yes, if it’s shipped by ocean freight (FCL, LCL, or consolidated), ISF filing is mandatory regardless of size or value.
2. Is ISF required for personal items or non-commercial shipments?
Yes. Even personal effects shipped via ocean freight need an ISF filing. The rules apply to all ocean-bound imports.
3. Can I skip ISF for low-value or informal shipments?
No. There is no such thing as "informal ISF" for ocean freight. All qualifying shipments must comply, or face penalties.
4. What happens if I don’t file ISF for a small shipment?
You may face delays, cargo holds, fines up to $10,000, and additional storage or demurrage fees.
5. Is ISF required if I’m shipping goods via air or courier?
No. ISF only applies to ocean freight. Air freight, courier shipments (like DHL, FedEx), and postal services are exempt.